An equivalent expression gives the same output for every value of its variable. When the choices are complete expressions in one variable, test a convenient input in Desmos to eliminate mismatches, then select the sole remaining choice. One different output rules a choice out; one matching output alone doesn't prove equivalence. Expanding by hand can then show why the match works.
Hints
- Hint 1
An equivalent expression must agree with the original at every input. Try to keep the arithmetic small. What value does the original give when you enter it in Desmos?
- Hint 2
A counterexample is one input where two expressions give different outputs. Evaluate each choice at the same input you used for the original. Which choices can you rule out?
Step-by-step
Approach 1: Eliminate choices with one Desmos input
- Step 1
Evaluate the original at a convenient input
Choose because the numbers stay small. Type , then the original expression with in place of . Desmos shows . Any equivalent choice must also give at this input.
- Step 2
Rule out the choices that disagree
Keep and type , , and on separate lines. Desmos shows , , and . Each differs from , so none of these expressions can be equivalent.
- Step 3
Check the sole remaining choice
Type . Desmos shows , matching the original. One match alone wouldn't prove equivalence, but the other three choices have been ruled out. The equivalent expression among the choices is . Choice D.
Approach 2: Expand to see why the expressions match
- Step 1
Expand the square
Squaring the binomial, or two-term expression, means multiplying it by itself. Include both middle products:
- Step 2
Multiply the square by 2
The outside the square multiplies every term. Distribute it:
- Step 3
Expand the second product
Multiply each term of by each term of . Keep all four products:
- Step 4
Subtract the whole second product
Replace the two parts with their expanded forms:
Distribute the minus sign to every term in the second parentheses:
- Step 5
Combine matching terms
Like terms have the same power of . Combine the terms, the terms, and the constants:
So the expression is equivalent to . Choice D.