Question 147·200 Super-Hard SAT Reading Questions·Expression of Ideas
In an essay for an exhibition of Mara Velez’s faded murals, conservator Niko Shah argues that spectroscopy can identify the pigments Velez used and explain how they changed over time, yet cannot establish whether she intended the works to acquire their muted colors. Some reviewers describe these claims as inconsistent, but Shah’s position depends on the claims addressing different questions. _____ accepting evidence about the process that produced an effect does not require accepting an inference about the purpose behind that effect.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
For a demanding transition question, determine the argumentative function of the sentence after the blank and the direction of the logic between sentences. Distinguish transitions that introduce a reason from those that merely add information, mark coexistence, or introduce a result.
Hints
Trace the argument
Determine whether the final sentence presents a result of the preceding claim or a reason that supports it.
Check the logical direction
The general principle about evidence explains why accepting one conclusion does not require accepting the other.
Step-by-step Explanation
Identify the disputed point
Some reviewers consider Shah’s claims inconsistent because he accepts what spectroscopy reveals about the fading process while rejecting an inference about Velez’s intentions.
Determine the final sentence’s role
The final sentence states a general principle: evidence that establishes how an effect occurred does not necessarily establish the purpose behind that effect. This principle supports the claim that Shah’s two conclusions address different questions.
Choose the supporting transition
The transition must introduce a reason for the preceding claim, not merely add a related point, indicate simultaneity, or present a consequence. “After all,” serves this justificatory function.