Question 164·Medium·Nonlinear Functions
The function is defined by
Which of the following values of satisfies ?
For quadratic equations given in vertex form like , set the expression equal to the target value and isolate the squared part first. Then solve the simple equation by taking square roots and remembering both the plus and minus solutions. Finally, adjust for the horizontal shift (add or subtract ) and pick the answer choice that exactly matches one of the resulting expressions.
Hints
Use the given function definition
Start by writing an equation using the definition and the condition . What equation do you get when you set these equal?
Isolate the squared expression
After you set equal to 2, move the constant 18 to the other side and then divide both sides by -2 so that you have an equation involving only .
Remember both square roots
Once you have an equation of the form , take the square root of both sides and remember to include both the positive and negative roots (the plus and minus). Then solve for by adding 4 to both sides.
Compare to the choices
You should get two expressions for . Compare both of them to the answer options and see which one actually appears.
Desmos Guide
Graph the function
In Desmos, enter the function as y1 = -2(x - 4)^2 + 18.
Graph the horizontal line y = 2
On a new line, enter y2 = 2. You will see a horizontal line cutting through the parabola.
Find the intersection x-values
Look at the points where the parabola and the line intersect; note the x-coordinates of those intersection points (there should be two).
Compare with the choices numerically
In Desmos, type each answer choice (for example, 4 - sqrt(2), 4 + sqrt(2), etc.) on separate lines to see their decimal values, and compare them to the x-coordinates of the intersection points. The choice whose value matches one of those x-coordinates is the solution.
Step-by-step Explanation
Set up the equation
We are told and asked for which value of we have .
Set the expression equal to 2:
Isolate the squared term
Move 18 to the right side, then divide by -2 to isolate .
Take square roots and solve for x
Now solve by taking square roots of both sides. Remember to include both the positive and negative roots:
Simplify :
So we have
Add 4 to both sides to get the two possible solutions:
Match your solutions to the answer choices
From the algebra, the solutions are and .
Among the answer options, only appears, so that is the value of that satisfies .