Question 8·Medium·Lines, Angles, and Triangles
Triangle is similar to triangle , with , , and corresponding to , , and , respectively. In triangle , and . In triangle , .
What is the length of ?
For similar-triangle problems, first match corresponding vertices using the order given (here , , ), then pair the corresponding sides. Form a proportion using a pair of known corresponding sides to get the scale factor, and apply that factor to the known side that corresponds to the unknown one. Use cross multiplication to solve quickly, and check that the ratios of all corresponding sides are consistent before choosing your answer.
Hints
Use the similarity information
Since the triangles are similar, all pairs of corresponding sides are in the same ratio. Use the order of the letters ( to , to , to ) to decide which sides match.
Find the scale factor between the triangles
Compare the side in triangle whose length you know () with the corresponding side in triangle (). What ratio does this give you?
Apply the scale factor to the corresponding side
Once you know how much longer triangle is compared to triangle , multiply the side in that corresponds to (that is, ) by this same factor.
Desmos Guide
Use Desmos to compute EF from the scale factor
In an expression line, type and evaluate it. The resulting value is the length of , which should match one of the answer choices.
Step-by-step Explanation
Match corresponding sides and set up a proportion
From the statement, , , and , so side corresponds to and side corresponds to .
Use these corresponding sides to set up a proportion:
- corresponds to
- corresponds to
So the ratio of corresponding sides must be equal:
, which is .
Solve the proportion for the unknown side
Start with the proportion:
Use cross multiplication to solve for :
90 = 6 \cdot EF
EF = \dfrac{90}{6}
Compute the value of EF and select the answer
Simplify :
So the length of is , which corresponds to answer choice C.