Question 8·Medium·Systems of Two Linear Equations in Two Variables
The ordered pair satisfies the following system of equations:
What is the value of ?
For systems of two linear equations on the SAT, first look for the equation that is easiest to solve for one variable (usually the one with smaller coefficients or already nearly isolated). Solve that equation for one variable, substitute into the other equation to get a single-variable equation, and then solve carefully, watching your arithmetic. Always check which variable the question asks for before selecting your final answer, and if time permits, plug your solution back into both original equations to verify.
Hints
Use the simpler equation first
Look at the equation . Which variable is easier to isolate? Try solving this equation for or for .
Substitute into the other equation
Once you express one variable in terms of the other using , substitute that expression into so that the new equation has only one variable.
Carefully combine like terms
After substitution, distribute and combine the -terms correctly. Make sure you add the coefficients of properly before solving.
Check which variable the question asks for
After you solve the system, confirm whether the question asks for or so you pick the correct value from your work.
Desmos Guide
Enter each equation in Desmos
In Desmos, type the first equation as 2x + 3y = 18 and the second equation as x - y = 1. Desmos will graph both lines.
Find the intersection point
Click (or tap) on the point where the two lines intersect. Desmos will display the coordinates of this intersection as .
Read off the y-value
Look at the second coordinate of the intersection point (the -value). That number is the value of that satisfies both equations; match it to the closest answer choice.
Step-by-step Explanation
Express one variable in terms of the other
Use the simpler equation to solve for in terms of .
From , add to both sides:
Now you have written in terms of .
Substitute into the first equation
Substitute into the first equation .
That gives:
Now simplify this equation.
Simplify and solve for y
Distribute and combine like terms in the equation:
Subtract 2 from both sides:
Now you just need to divide to solve for .
Find the value of y and match the answer choice
Divide both sides of by 5:
So the value of is , which corresponds to choice C.