Question 44·Medium·Linear Inequalities in One or Two Variables
Consider the inequality
Which of the following describes all real numbers that satisfy the inequality?
For linear inequalities with fractions, treat them like linear equations but remember the inequality rule: only reverse the sign if you multiply or divide by a negative number. A fast, low-error approach is to first simplify both sides (distribute, combine like terms), then get all x terms on one side and constants on the other. If fractions are messy, you can multiply the whole inequality by the least common multiple of the denominators to clear them, as long as that number is positive. Finally, divide by the coefficient of x and match the resulting inequality to the answer choices, optionally checking one easy test value (like x = 0) to confirm the direction of the inequality.
Hints
Simplify the right side first
Focus on on the right side. Distribute to both and , then combine with the .
Group like terms
After simplifying, get all the terms on one side of the inequality and the constant numbers on the other side, just like you would when solving a linear equation.
Isolate x carefully
You will get something like . How do you undo the multiplication by a fraction, and what happens (or does not happen) to the inequality sign when you divide by a positive number?
Desmos Guide
Graph both sides of the inequality as functions
Enter the left side as y1 = (5/3)x - 2 and the right side as y2 = (2/5)(x + 10) + 1 in Desmos so you see two straight lines on the graph.
Find the boundary point where the two sides are equal
Tap the point where the two lines intersect; Desmos will show the coordinates. The x-coordinate of this intersection is the boundary value where the two expressions are equal.
Decide which side of the boundary satisfies the inequality
Make a table in Desmos for both functions (using the table icon) and look at an easy test value, such as . Compare and at that x-value to see whether is true there. Then note whether lies to the left or right of the intersection’s x-value; that tells you if the solution is all less than or equal to the boundary or all greater than or equal to it.
Step-by-step Explanation
Distribute and simplify the right-hand side
Start with the inequality
Distribute over :
So the inequality becomes
which simplifies to
Get all x-terms on one side and constants on the other
Subtract from both sides and add to both sides:
- Subtract :
- Add :
Now the inequality has only terms on the left and a constant on the right.
Combine the x coefficients into a single fraction
Compute :
So the inequality is
Now you have a simple one-step inequality of the form .
Solve for x and match the answer choice
To isolate , divide both sides by (which is positive, so the inequality direction does not change). Dividing by is the same as multiplying by its reciprocal :
Thus all real numbers satisfying the inequality are
which corresponds to choice C.