Question 53·Medium·Linear Equations in One Variable
In the equation above, is a constant. For what value of does the equation have no solution?
When you see a linear equation with a parameter (like ) and the question asks about "no solution" or "infinitely many solutions," first fully distribute and combine like terms on both sides. Then rearrange to get all terms on one side and constants on the other, ideally into the form where and depend on the parameter. Use the key facts: if there is exactly one solution; if and there are infinitely many solutions; and if and there is no solution. Set the coefficient of equal to 0 to find the critical parameter value(s), then check whether the resulting constant makes the equation impossible or always true.
Hints
Start by simplifying
First, distribute the 5 into and the negative sign into so you can combine like terms on the left side.
Get the equation into a simple linear form
After simplifying, try to rewrite the equation so it looks like , where and are expressions in .
Think about when a linear equation has no solution
For an equation like , under what condition on and is it impossible for any to make the equation true?
Apply that condition to this equation
Once you have an equation of the form , decide what must be so that there is no value of that makes the equation true.
Desmos Guide
Move everything to one side for graphing
Rewrite the equation as a single expression equal to 0: . For each answer choice, replace with that value and type the resulting expression into Desmos as, for example, y = 5(2x - 1) - (2 + 3)x - (2 - 7) (using the chosen value in place of 2).
Use the graph to check for solutions
For a given value of , look at the graph of that expression. Any -intercept (where the graph crosses the -axis, so ) represents a solution to the equation. If the graph is a horizontal line that never touches the -axis, that value of gives no solution.
Test each answer choice
Quickly change the value of in your expression to each of the four answer choices and observe the graph. Three of them will produce a line that crosses the -axis (so the equation has a solution); the remaining value will produce a line that never crosses the -axis—that is the for which the equation has no solution.
Step-by-step Explanation
Distribute and simplify the equation
Start by distributing on the left side.
- Distribute the 5:
- Distribute the minus sign:
So the equation becomes:
Now combine the terms:
So we have:
Isolate the term with x
Move the constant term to the right side by adding 5 to both sides:
This simplifies to:
Now the equation is in the form , where and .
Use the condition for "no solution"
For an equation of the form :
- If , there is exactly one solution: .
- If and , every works (infinitely many solutions).
- If and , there is no solution (you get , which is impossible).
In our equation , we need so that the term disappears, and then we will check that the right side is not zero.
Find k and verify the contradiction
Set the coefficient of equal to 0:
Solving gives .
Substitute into :
The equation is impossible for any , so the original equation has no solution when . Thus, the correct answer is 7.