Question 64·Easy·Nonlinear Functions
The function is defined by . For which value of is ?
For quadratic equations on the SAT, first set the expression equal to zero, then quickly test whether it factors into simple integers by finding two numbers that multiply to the constant term and add to the coefficient of the linear term. Once factored, use the zero product property to solve each small linear equation, then choose the solution that appears in the answer choices. If factoring is not obvious, be ready to use the quadratic formula, but factoring is usually the fastest when it works.
Hints
Translate the condition into an equation
You know . What equation do you get if you set equal to ?
Factor the quadratic expression
Think of two numbers that multiply to and add up to . Use those to factor .
Apply the zero product property
Once the quadratic is factored into two parentheses, remember: if a product is , at least one factor must be . What equations do you get from each factor, and which solution appears among the answer choices?
Desmos Guide
Enter the function
In Desmos, type y = x^2 + 4x - 12 to graph the function that corresponds to .
Find where the function equals zero
Look for the point where the graph crosses the x-axis (the x-intercept). Click that point to see its x-coordinate; that x-value is the solution of .
Match the x-intercept to the choices
Compare the x-coordinate of the x-intercept you found in Desmos with the answer options , , , and , and select the matching value.
Step-by-step Explanation
Write the equation from the function definition
We are told and asked for which value of we have .
So we set the expression equal to zero:
Now we just need to solve this quadratic equation.
Factor the quadratic
Look for two numbers that multiply to and add to .
Those numbers are and , since and .
So we can factor the quadratic:
Now the equation becomes:
Use the zero product property and match to the choices
If a product is zero, then at least one factor must be zero. So set each factor equal to zero:
Solve each equation:
- From , we get .
- From , we get .
The solutions of the equation are and , but only appears in the answer choices, so the correct answer is .