Question 195·Hard·Nonlinear Functions
If , what is the value of ?
For equations where a sum of exponential terms with the same base equals a constant, look for a way to express all terms as powers of a single common expression (for example, rewrite exponents with a common denominator like ). Then use a substitution (such as ) to turn the equation into a polynomial in , solve that simpler algebraic equation (often by testing small integer values and factoring), and finally substitute back to solve for . Always check your solution in the original equation to confirm it works.
Hints
Look at the exponents carefully
Focus on the exponents and . What common denominator can you use to rewrite both fractions?
Rewrite in terms of a single power of 2
Try to express both and as powers of the same base, like . Then think about using a substitution such as .
Turn it into an algebra problem in one variable
After substituting , you should get an equation involving and . Rearrange it so it equals 0, and then look for a value of that makes the equation true (try small integers).
Desmos Guide
Graph the left-hand side
In the first expression line, enter 2^(x/2) + 2^(x/3) so Desmos graphs the function .
Graph the right-hand side
In a new line, enter y = 12 to draw a horizontal line representing the constant value 12.
Find the solution from the intersection
Use the intersection tool (or tap on the point where the curve and the horizontal line cross). The x-coordinate of this intersection is the solution to the equation .
Step-by-step Explanation
Rewrite exponents with a common denominator
Start with the equation
Notice that and can both be written with denominator 6:
So you can rewrite the powers of 2 using :
Use a substitution to turn it into a polynomial equation
Let . Then
Substitute into the original equation:
Move all terms to one side:
This is a polynomial (specifically a cubic) equation in .
Solve the cubic and back-substitute to find x
Test small integer values of (1, 2, 3, ...). Since makes , is a factor. Factor:
Because and has no real roots, the only valid real solution is . Thus , so and .