Question 168·Hard·Nonlinear Functions
An open-top box is to be made from a rectangular sheet of cardboard measuring inches by inches by cutting out congruent squares of side length inches from each of the four corners and folding up the sides.
Which function gives the volume of the box, in cubic inches, in terms of ?
For box-from-rectangle problems, always translate the description into three dimensions: new length, new width, and new height. Remember that cutting a square of side from each corner along one edge removes a total of from that edge, and the height of the box is just . Write each dimension in terms of , then multiply them for volume and carefully match your expression—especially the factors like vs. and vs. —to the choices.
Hints
Recall the basic volume formula
What is the formula for the volume of a rectangular box (rectangular prism) in terms of its length, width, and height?
Think about how cutting affects the sides
If you cut out a square of side from each corner along one edge, how much total length is removed from that edge?
Identify each dimension after folding
After cutting and folding, what is the height of the box? What is the new length along the original 18-inch side? What is the new width along the original 12-inch side?
Combine the dimensions
Once you have expressions for the new length, width, and height in terms of , multiply them to get , then look for the matching answer choice.
Desmos Guide
Set up expressions for the dimensions
In Desmos, create three expressions to represent the dimensions after cutting:
L = 18 - 2x(length)W = 12 - 2x(width)H = x(height) You can add a slider forx(for example, from 0 to 6) to see how these change.
Create the volume expression from the geometry
In a new line, type V = L * W * H. This defines the volume in terms of the three dimensions you just entered, directly reflecting the box’s geometry.
Compare with the answer choices
Now look back at the multiple-choice options and identify which one matches the way Desmos is computing V from L, W, and H (multiplying height by the two reduced side lengths). The choice with the same structure is the correct function.
Step-by-step Explanation
Use the volume formula for a box
An open-top box is still a rectangular prism. Its volume is
So your entire job is to figure out the new length, width, and height after the squares are cut out and the sides are folded up.
Determine the height of the box
The squares cut from each corner have side length . When you fold up the flaps along the cuts, that side length becomes the height of the box.
So the height of the finished box is .
Determine the new length and width
The original cardboard is inches by inches.
- Along the 18-inch side, you cut out a square of side from the left corner and another of side from the right corner. That removes a total of from the length:
- New length .
- Along the 12-inch side, you do the same, removing from each end:
- New width .
Write the volume as a function of x and match the choice
Now plug these three dimensions into the volume formula:
- Length:
- Width:
- Height:
So the volume is
This matches choice A.