Question 120·Hard·Nonlinear Functions
The function is defined by , where , , and are constants with and . Selected values of are given in the table.
What is the value of ?
For exponential function questions with unknown parameters, first plug each given point into the function rule to create equations. Use subtraction to eliminate any constant shift (like ), then divide equations to cancel another variable and solve for the base . Once you know , back-substitute to find and , and finally evaluate the specific value requested (here, ). This approach is systematic, avoids guesswork, and works quickly even under time pressure.
Hints
Write equations from the table
Substitute each pair from the table into to get three equations in , , and .
Eliminate the constant c
Look at the three equations you formed. How can you combine them (for example, by subtracting one from another) so that disappears?
Remove one more variable
After eliminating , you will have two equations in and . Try dividing one by the other to cancel and solve for using the given condition and .
Connect g(0) to a, b, and c
Remember that . Once you know , , and , write in its simplest form and evaluate it.
Desmos Guide
Enter the data in a table
Create a table with the three points: in the first column (x1), enter -1, 1, and 3; in the second column (y1), enter 10, 40, and 160.
Fit an exponential model
In a new line, type y1 ~ A*B^(x1) + C (using capital letters for the parameters). Desmos will perform an exponential regression and display numerical values for , , and that model .
Evaluate g(0) using the model
In another line, type A*B^0 + C. The value Desmos shows for this expression is the value of according to the fitted function; read this number carefully as your answer.
Step-by-step Explanation
Turn the table into equations
From and the table:
- For : gives , so .
- For : gives .
- For : gives .
Now you have a system of three equations in , , and .
Eliminate the constant term c
Subtract equations so that cancels out.
- Subtract the equation from the equation:
- Subtract the equation from the equation:
Now you have:
- .
Use a ratio to solve for b
Divide the second equation by the first to eliminate :
The cancels:
Simplify the fraction:
So
Thus , so or . Since the problem states , we must have .
Find a and c
Use in one of the simpler equations, for example
Substitute :
Now plug and into :
So .
Evaluate g(0)
Use with , , and .
So the value of is , which corresponds to choice B.