Question 199·Medium·Nonlinear Equations in One Variable; Systems in Two Variables
If is a real solution to the system
what is one possible value of ?
When a system has one linear equation and one quadratic (or other nonlinear) equation, use substitution: solve the linear equation for one variable, substitute into the nonlinear equation, and reduce it to a single-variable equation. Then solve that equation (often a quadratic) efficiently by factoring if possible; finally, interpret all resulting -values in the context of the problem, remembering that the SAT may ask for just one solution even if the equation has two.
Hints
Use the simpler equation first
Look at the equation . It is linear and easy to solve for one variable. Try writing in terms of using this equation.
Reduce the system to one variable
Once you have written in terms of , substitute that expression into the other equation so that the new equation has only in it.
Recognize and solve the new equation type
After substituting, you should get a quadratic equation in . Rearrange it so it equals , then solve it by factoring or by using the quadratic formula.
Interpreting your solutions
A quadratic equation can have two real solutions. Both -values that satisfy the quadratic will work in the original system; the question only asks you to provide one of them.
Desmos Guide
Graph both equations as functions of x
In Desmos, enter the first equation in function form: y = 5 - x. Then enter the second equation in function form: y = x^2 - 7.
Find the intersection points
Look at where the graphs of y = 5 - x and y = x^2 - 7 intersect. Tap or click on each intersection point; Desmos will show the coordinates .
Use the x-coordinate of an intersection
The -coordinates of these intersection points are the possible values of that solve the system. Choose either -value shown by Desmos as your answer (the question only requires one).
Step-by-step Explanation
Solve the linear equation for one variable
Start with the first equation:
Solve for in terms of by subtracting from both sides:
Now you have written in terms of .
Substitute into the second equation to get one equation in x
Use the expression in the second equation .
Substitute for :
Simplify the left side:
Now move all terms to one side to set the equation equal to :
This is a quadratic equation in .
Solve the quadratic equation for x
Factor the quadratic .
We look for two numbers that multiply to and add to . Those numbers are and , so:
Set each factor equal to :
So the solutions are:
The problem asks for one possible value of , so a correct response is .