Question 184·Hard·Nonlinear Equations in One Variable; Systems in Two Variables
In the -plane, the graph of intersects the graph of at three points. One of the intersection points is , and the other two are and . What is the value of ?
(Express the answer as an integer)
For intersection problems between two equations on the SAT, immediately set the right sides equal (because at intersection points the -values match), then bring all terms to one side so you have a single equation equal to zero. Factor whenever possible to find the -values quickly, and use any information given about the point format (like or symmetry) to interpret which solution corresponds to the variable the question asks about. Finally, pay close attention to whether the problem wants the value of the variable itself or a related quantity such as its square, reciprocal, or sum.
Hints
Use the fact that intersection points share the same y-value
At intersection points, both graphs have the same and values. How can you use and to write a single equation in ?
Rewrite as a single polynomial equal to zero
Once you set equal to , move all terms to one side so that the equation is in the form (polynomial) . Then look for a common factor.
Connect the solutions back to and
After factoring and solving for , remember that on the line , the coordinate pairs are . Match the nonzero solutions to the form and think about what must be.
Desmos Guide
Enter the two functions
In Desmos, type y = x^3 - 6x on one line and y = x on another. You will see a cubic curve and a straight line.
Find the intersection points
Click on the points where the graphs intersect. Desmos will show three intersection points; one is at the origin, and the other two are symmetric across the origin.
Identify the value corresponding to a and compute a^2
Look at the coordinates of the nonzero intersection point in the first quadrant, which has the form . Note the value of from the graph, then square that value to get .
Step-by-step Explanation
Set the two equations equal
At intersection points, the -values of the two graphs are the same. So set the right sides of the equations equal:
Move all terms to one side and simplify
Subtract from both sides to get a single polynomial equal to zero:
Combine like terms:
Factor the cubic equation
Factor out the common factor :
Set each factor equal to zero:
- (so )
Thus, the -coordinates of the intersection points are and the two solutions to , which are . Since on the line, these give intersection points , , and .
Match to and find
The problem tells you the nonzero intersection points are and . From the solutions above, these must be and , so .
Therefore,
The correct answer is .