Question 123·Hard·Nonlinear Equations in One Variable; Systems in Two Variables
The system of equations is given by
If and are the two solutions to the system of equations above, what is the value of ?
When a system includes a line and a parabola and the question asks for something like the product of the -coordinates of the intersection points, reduce the system to a single quadratic in the variable you care about (here, ) by substitution. Put the equation into standard form , then use Vieta’s formulas: the product of the roots is , so you can get directly without solving for each point individually, which saves time and reduces algebra errors.
Hints
Reduce the system to one variable
Try solving one of the equations for or and substituting into the other so that you get a single equation in just one variable.
Aim for a quadratic in
If you solve the linear equation for and substitute into , you will get an equation that involves only . Put it into standard quadratic form.
Use the structure of a quadratic
Once you have a quadratic equation in of the form , think about how the roots and relate to , , and without actually solving for each root.
Connect to the product of roots
Remember that for a quadratic , there are simple formulas for the sum and product of the roots. Which one gives you directly?
Desmos Guide
Graph the system
Enter the two equations into Desmos:
- Type
y = 2x^2 - 5x + 4. - Rewrite the line as and type
y = (10 - 3x)/2. Desmos will show the intersection points of the parabola and the line.
Read the intersection points
Click on each intersection point where the graphs meet. Desmos will display the coordinates and . Note the two -values from these points.
Compute the product of the -values
In a new Desmos expression line, type the product of the two -values you observed (for example, y1 * y2 using the numerical values Desmos showed). The resulting value is ; compare this exact value with the answer choices.
Step-by-step Explanation
Eliminate to get an equation in only
From the linear equation , solve for in terms of :
.
Substitute this expression for into the quadratic equation :
Now the equation has only the variable .
Simplify to standard quadratic form in
First square and distribute carefully:
so
Also,
Write everything over a common denominator of :
Combine the numerators:
So
Multiply both sides by and move all terms to one side:
Thus and are the two roots of the quadratic
Relate to the coefficients of the quadratic
For any quadratic equation of the form
the product of its two roots is
Here, and in the equation , so
Now we only need to simplify this fraction and match it to a choice.
Simplify the product and match the answer choice
Simplify by dividing numerator and denominator by :
Therefore,
which corresponds to choice C.