Question 113·Medium·Nonlinear Equations in One Variable; Systems in Two Variables
In the -plane, the graphs of and intersect at two points. What is the product of the -coordinates of these points?
(Express the answer as an integer)
When two graphs intersect, set their right-hand sides equal to form an equation in one variable. If this gives you a quadratic and the question asks for the sum or product of the intersection x-coordinates, immediately rewrite the equation in form and use Vieta’s formulas: sum of roots and product of roots . This avoids time-consuming quadratic formula work and is especially efficient on the SAT when you only need such combinations of the solutions.
Hints
Connect intersection points to equations
At intersection points, the two graphs have the same and values. How can you use this fact to write an equation involving only ?
Form and recognize the quadratic
After you set equal to and move all terms to one side, you should get a quadratic equation. Write it clearly in the form and identify , , and .
Use a shortcut for the product of solutions
Instead of solving the quadratic completely, recall: for , how can you find the product of the two solutions using only and ?
Apply the shortcut
Use your identified values of and from the quadratic you formed to compute . That value is the product of the -coordinates of the intersection points.
Desmos Guide
Graph both equations
In Desmos, enter the two equations as
y = x^2 + 2x - 1y = -x + 5
You will see a parabola and a line that intersect at two points.
Find the intersection x-values
Click or tap on each intersection point where the line and the parabola cross. Desmos will display the coordinates and ; note the two -values.
Compute the product in Desmos
In a new expression line, type the product of the two -values you just read (for example, (first_x_value)*(second_x_value)). The resulting output is the product of the -coordinates of the intersection points.
Step-by-step Explanation
Set the equations equal to find intersection x-values
At intersection points, the -values of the two graphs are equal, so set the right sides equal:
Move all terms to one side to get a quadratic equation:
The -coordinates of the intersection points are the solutions of .
Use the product-of-roots property for quadratics
You are asked for the product of the two -coordinates, not the coordinates themselves.
For a quadratic of the form
with solutions (roots) and , there is a useful relationship:
- Sum of roots:
- Product of roots:
This is often called Vieta's formulas and lets you find the product directly from the coefficients.
Identify coefficients and compute the product
Compare with :
The product of the two roots (the -coordinates of the intersection points) is
So, the product of the -coordinates of the intersection points is .