Question 78·Hard·Equivalent Expressions
In the expression , is a constant. This expression is equivalent to . What is the value of ?
For polynomial identity questions, always expand and simplify the more complicated side first by distributing and combining like terms, then write it in standard form . Match coefficients with the given polynomial to create simple linear equations in the unknown parameter, and solve one of those equations; quickly verify your answer by checking it also makes the constant terms match. This avoids time-consuming substitution of multiple -values and reduces algebra errors.
Hints
Expand the expression
First, distribute across and across . Write the expression with no parentheses.
Combine like terms in standard form
After distributing, collect all the terms, all the terms, and all the constant terms so the expression looks like .
Use coefficient matching instead of plugging in x
Set your simplified expression equal to and match the coefficient of and the constant term. What equations in do you get from these matches?
Solve the linear equation in b
Solve the equation that comes from the -coefficient (or from the constant term). Make sure the value you find makes both the -coefficient and the constant match.
Desmos Guide
Enter both expressions with a slider for b
In Desmos, type f(x) = 6x^2 + b(4 - x) - 3x(b - 2) and accept the prompt to add a slider for b. Then type g(x) = 6x^2 + 14x - 8.
Use the slider to match the graphs
Adjust the slider for b until the graph of f(x) lies exactly on top of the graph of g(x) for all visible -values. The value of b at that point is the solution.
Optional: Check algebraically in Desmos
You can also type h(x) = f(x) - g(x) and vary b; the correct value of b will make h(x) equal to for all (the graph becomes the -axis). Read that value of b from the slider.
Step-by-step Explanation
Distribute within the parentheses
Start with the expression:
Distribute over and over :
So the whole expression becomes
Combine like terms
Group the terms and constant terms together:
- The terms are .
- The constant term is .
So the expression simplifies to
Match coefficients with the given polynomial
We are told this expression is equivalent to
For two polynomials in to be equal for all , coefficients of matching powers of must be equal. The term already matches, so focus on the term and the constant term:
- -coefficient: must equal .
- Constant term: must equal .
Either of these equations can be used to solve for ; both should lead to the same value.
Solve for b and conclude
Use the -coefficient equation:
Subtract from both sides:
Divide both sides by :
Check with the constant term: , which matches the constant in . Therefore, the value of is .