Question 155·Medium·Equivalent Expressions
Which expression is equivalent to
For exponent simplification questions, separate the problem into two parts: coefficients and variables. First apply the power rules (like and ) to remove parentheses. Then, when dividing terms with the same base, subtract exponents using . Keep track of signs carefully and leave the conversion of negative exponents (turning them into reciprocals with positive exponents) for the last step. Finally, ensure all exponents are positive and the coefficient is fully simplified before matching your result to the answer choices.
Hints
Handle the exponent on the parentheses first
Focus on simplifying by applying the rule and to each factor inside the parentheses.
Think about dividing powers with the same base
After you simplify the numerator, you will have a fraction with powers of and powers of on top and bottom. Use the rule that when is the same base.
Deal with negative exponents at the end
Once you have a single power of and a single power of , rewrite any negative exponent using the idea that a negative exponent means a reciprocal (for example, ).
Compare your simplified form to the choices
Make sure your final expression has only positive exponents and then match it to the answer choice that has the same powers of and and the same numerical coefficient.
Desmos Guide
Set specific values for the variables
In Desmos, define positive values for the variables, such as a = 2 and b = 3. Any positive values will work because the expression is defined for and .
Enter the original expression
On a new line, type the original expression exactly as given, for example:
E1 = (2a^(-3)*b^4)^2 / (8*a^(-1)*b)
Note the use of ^(-3) and ^4 for exponents.
Enter each answer choice as a separate expression
On new lines, enter each option using the same values of and , for example:
A = 2*b^7 / a^5B = a^5 / (2*b^7)C = b^8 / (4*a^6)D = b^7 / (2*a^5)Desmos will display a numerical value for each.
Compare numerical outputs
Compare the numerical value of E1 with the values of A, B, C, and D. The choice whose value matches E1 for your chosen positive and is the expression equivalent to the original.
Step-by-step Explanation
Expand the numerator using power rules
Start with the numerator:
Apply the rule and the power rule :
So the whole expression becomes
Separate coefficients and variable parts
Rewrite the fraction by grouping the numerical coefficients, the -terms, and the -terms:
Now you can simplify each part separately.
Simplify coefficients and use the quotient rule for exponents
First, simplify the numerical fraction:
Next, use the quotient rule for exponents: when you divide powers with the same base, subtract exponents.
- For the -terms:
- For the -terms:
So the expression is now
Rewrite the negative exponent with a positive exponent and match a choice
A negative exponent means a reciprocal: . Use this to rewrite the expression:
Comparing with the answer choices, this matches choice D) .