Question 123·200 Super-Hard SAT Reading Questions·Expression of Ideas
In a study of mailed municipal surveys, social scientist Lina Ortega found that reminder postcards increased response rates. A replication conducted in smaller towns found no overall increase; it did, however, find an increase among residents who had recently moved. Ortega’s original sample was disproportionately composed of recent movers. ______ the replication does not simply contradict the first study; it identifies a condition under which the postcards may be effective.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
For transition questions, determine how the sentence after the blank relates to the entire preceding discussion. When studies or claims initially appear inconsistent, look for information that explains or reconciles the difference, then choose the transition that states that precise relationship rather than a broad addition or contrast.
Hints
Focus on the third sentence
Consider why the text specifies that recent movers were disproportionately represented in the original sample.
Reconcile the results
Ask whether the sampling information makes the two studies seem more contradictory or less contradictory.
Choose the most precise connection
Look for a transition that introduces an interpretation based on the sampling information, not one that merely adds another point.
Step-by-step Explanation
Compare the studies
The first study found an overall increase in responses, whereas the replication found an increase only among recent movers.
Use the sampling information
Recent movers made up a disproportionately large share of the original sample. Therefore, the first study’s overall result may reflect an effect concentrated in that group.
Identify the required relationship
The final sentence interprets the replication by considering the sampling difference. The transition “Seen in light of that sampling difference,” precisely introduces this interpretation.