Question 32·Medium·Inferences
To recruit volunteers for its annual river cleanup, the Greenway Alliance posted instructions online in Spanish, Vietnamese, and English; scheduled one session on a Saturday morning and another on a weekday evening; arranged free shuttle buses from three neighborhoods far from the river; and promised to provide all tools and safety gear. The announcement ends by welcoming "first-time volunteers" and noting that a short training will be provided at the start. Given these details, it is reasonable to conclude that ______
Which choice most logically completes the text?
For inference questions like this, first list the concrete details and then ask, “What single idea or goal could explain all of these at once?” Avoid reading in outside facts; the correct answer must be something you can reasonably infer from what is actually stated. Then quickly test each choice: eliminate any that (1) mention topics never brought up (like past events or weather), (2) contradict a detail in the passage, or (3) are much more specific or extreme than the text supports. The remaining choice should capture the shared purpose or main idea behind the details.
Hints
Notice the kinds of details provided
Look carefully at the list of actions the organizers take: languages, session times, shuttle buses, tools and gear, and training. Ask what type of issue each of these is addressing.
Look for what all the actions have in common
Instead of focusing on one detail, think about what overall goal could explain all of these steps together. Are they mainly about the river itself, the weather, what people already own, or something about who can join?
Use the text to rule out choices
When checking the options, cross out any that mention problems or facts that are never stated (like weather or past events) or that clash with phrases such as "first-time volunteers" and "tools and safety gear" will be provided.
Step-by-step Explanation
Collect the key details from the passage
List what the Greenway Alliance does:
- Posts instructions in Spanish, Vietnamese, and English (helps people who speak different languages)
- Schedules one session on a Saturday morning and another on a weekday evening (helps people with different schedules)
- Arranges free shuttle buses from three far neighborhoods (helps people without easy transportation)
- Promises to provide all tools and safety gear (helps people who do not own equipment)
- Welcomes "first-time volunteers" and offers short training (helps people with no prior experience).
Look for the common purpose behind these actions
Ask yourself: What problem or concern do all these actions address together? They are not about the condition of the river or the weather. Instead, each action removes a different possible obstacle to joining the cleanup: language barriers, time conflicts, lack of transportation, lack of equipment, and lack of experience. Altogether, they show the organizers are trying to lower barriers for many different kinds of people.
Evaluate and eliminate unsupported answer choices
Now compare that big-picture idea to each option:
- Choice A talks about the river being "so polluted" that only professionals should participate. The text never mentions professionals or a dangerous level of pollution. In fact, it welcomes first-time volunteers, which is the opposite.
- Choice B claims most residents already own gloves and litter grabbers, but the announcement says the organizers will provide all tools and safety gear. That makes it unlikely they assume people already have them.
- Choice C mentions previous cleanups canceled due to severe weather. The passage never mentions past events or weather at all, so this is unsupported.
Confirm the choice that matches the shared purpose
Choice D matches the pattern of all the details: the organizers are taking many different steps so that people with different languages, schedules, transportation situations, and experience levels can still join. Therefore, the correct answer is D) the organizers are attempting to make participation accessible to people with varied needs and circumstances.