Question 45·Hard·Central Ideas and Details
Many city officials install public surveillance cameras hoping they will reassure residents. But sociologist Marisol Gutierrez reports that, in surveys across several large cities, respondents often described cameras as reminders that crime is a real possibility and as signals that authorities anticipate misconduct. Gutierrez argues that these interpretations can outweigh any comfort the cameras are meant to provide.
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
For main-idea questions, identify the text’s overall conclusion and any key contrast (here: cameras are meant to reassure, but Gutierrez argues they can backfire). Then choose the option that includes the conclusion plus the central support, and avoid choices that are merely details or that add new claims not in the text.
Hints
Track the contrast
The text sets up what officials hope cameras will do, then explains what Gutierrez says often happens instead.
Don’t pick a choice that’s only a detail
Some options may mention a reason (like increased awareness of crime) but leave out the overall conclusion about the net effect on feelings of safety.
Eliminate outside claims
Cross out choices that introduce new ideas not discussed (for example, people quickly stop noticing cameras).
Look for the ‘backfire’ idea
The correct answer should convey that the intended reassurance can be outweighed by increased perceived risk and suspicion.
Step-by-step Explanation
Identify the author’s overall conclusion
The text contrasts cameras’ intended purpose (reassurance) with Gutierrez’s conclusion about their actual impact: people may feel less safe because cameras make them think about crime and expected misconduct.
Match the choice to that contrast (and keep it at the main-idea level)
The best main-idea choice must include both parts of the contrast (meant to reassure, but can backfire) and the reason given (cameras highlight risk and suggest authorities expect wrongdoing).
Select the best answer
Gutierrez suggests that cameras meant to reassure the public can backfire, making residents feel less safe when the cameras highlight risk and imply expected wrongdoing.