Question 32·Medium·Transitions
Researchers have long studied tardigrades for their ability to survive extreme conditions. _____ one recent experiment demonstrated that the creatures can endure the vacuum of outer space for ten days without suffering permanent damage.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
For transition questions, first determine how the second idea relates to the first: Is it a similar point, a contrast, a cause or result, or a specific detail/example? Then classify each option by its usual function (addition, contrast, cause/effect, example, concession) and eliminate any that don't match. Finally, plug the remaining option into the sentence to verify it reads smoothly and conveys the intended meaning.
Hints
Compare the two sentences
Before looking closely at the answer choices, think about how the second sentence relates to the first: is it supporting the idea, opposing it, or showing something unexpected about it?
Focus on the content after the blank
Look at the part after the blank: it talks about “a recent experiment” and the vacuum of outer space. Does this sound like a disagreement with the first sentence or more like a specific situation connected to it?
Classify the transitions by type
Think about what kind of connection each option usually shows: some show similarity/addition, some show contrast/difference, and some show a surprising twist. Match those types to how the two sentences actually relate.
Step-by-step Explanation
Understand what each sentence is saying
Read the two sentences together:
- First: Researchers study tardigrades because they can survive extreme conditions (general claim).
- Second: One experiment showed they can endure the vacuum of outer space for ten days (specific instance).
The second sentence describes a particular case that fits under the umbrella of "extreme conditions."
Identify the relationship between the sentences
Ask: What is the relationship?
- Is the second sentence opposing the first? No—it supports it.
- Is it surprising or contrary to expectations? No—it fits perfectly.
- Is it giving a specific instance that illustrates the general idea? Yes—surviving outer space is one example of surviving extreme conditions.
You need a transition that introduces a supporting example.
Classify each answer choice by function
Match each choice to its logical function:
- Moreover, = adds another similar point ("in addition")
- For example, = introduces a specific instance illustrating a general idea
- In contrast, = signals an opposite or different idea
- Nevertheless, = signals a surprising contrast or concession ("even so")
Only "For example," fits the example relationship we identified.
Eliminate and confirm
Eliminate choices that signal the wrong relationship:
- In contrast, and Nevertheless, suggest opposition or concession—but the second sentence supports the first, not contradicts it.
- Moreover, adds a separate point, but the second sentence isn't a new independent reason; it's a concrete illustration of "extreme conditions."
The correct answer is B) For example, because it properly introduces a specific instance that demonstrates the general claim.