While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:
- A hospital introduced a barcode system in two wards; before administering medication, nurses were expected to scan both the patient’s wristband and the medication package.
- Priya Shah analyzed hospital records from three months before and six months after the system was introduced.
- In the first month after introduction, barcode scans accompanied 54% of medication administrations.
- By the sixth month, barcode scans accompanied 89% of medication administrations.
- Recorded medication-administration errors fell from a pre-introduction average of 7.2 per 1,000 administrations to a post-introduction average of 3.8 per 1,000 administrations.
- The hospital began additional medication-safety training when it introduced the barcode system.
- Shah did not study comparable wards that lacked the barcode system.
- Shah cautioned that the observational study could not establish that the barcode system alone caused the decline in errors.
The student wants to summarize evidence that the barcode system was being adopted and may improve medication safety while appropriately qualifying any causal conclusion. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?