While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:
- Coastal wetlands include salt marshes and mangrove forests.
- Salt marshes are common on temperate coasts and can tolerate cold winters.
- Mangrove forests are common in tropical and subtropical regions.
- Freezing temperatures can damage mangroves.
- Both salt marshes and mangroves can reduce wave energy and storm surge, lowering coastal flooding.
- Salt marsh plants slow water flow and trap sediment.
- Mangrove roots provide nursery habitat for many young fish.
- As sea level rises, both habitats can shift inland if space is available.
- Seawalls and coastal development can block inland movement.
The student wants to describe a benefit that mangroves and salt marshes share and also explain one reason the two habitats occur in different regions. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?