Question 15·Hard·Two-Variable Data: Models and Scatterplots
The scatterplot shows the relationship between and for data set P, where is the number of prototypes a team has already assembled and is the time (in hours) it takes to assemble the next prototype. A line of best fit is shown.
A new data set, P2, is created by transforming each point in data set P to a point using the rules
and
Which choice is the -intercept of a line of best fit for data set P2?
When variables on a scatterplot are replaced by linear transformations, first write the best-fit line in the original variables using two clear points on the drawn line. Next, solve each transformation for the original variables and substitute into the original line. Once you have in terms of , use to read the -intercept.
Hints
Use the labeled points
Compute the slope of the best-fit line using the two labeled points, then write an equation for in terms of .
Solve for the original variables
Rewrite to get in terms of , and rewrite to get in terms of .
Substitute to get a line in and
Substitute your expressions for and into the best-fit line equation, then solve for .
Use the definition of intercept
The -intercept happens when . Plug into your equation for .
Desmos Guide
Compute the original line
In Desmos, compute the slope from the labeled points:
m=(9-15)/(8-2)
Then find the intercept using :
b=15-m*2
Enter the line:
t = m d + b
Substitute using the transformations
Use and . In Desmos you can type the substituted equation:
V/3 + 5 = m*(U-1) + b
Then solve (algebraically) for in terms of .
Find the intercept
After you have as a function of , evaluate it at to get the -intercept.
Step-by-step Explanation
Write the line of best fit for data set P
From the graph, the best-fit line passes through the labeled points and .
The slope is
Using in :
So an equation for the line of best fit is
Rewrite the transformations to solve for and
From , we have
From , we have
Substitute into the original line equation and simplify
Substitute and into :
Simplify the right side:
So
Find the -intercept
Multiply by :
At the -intercept, , so
Therefore, the -intercept is .