Question 6·Hard·Ratios, Rates, Proportional Relationships, and Units
The table shows the distribution, by location and power capacity (maximum rate of power generation) of the twenty largest wind projects in the United States in 2013.
| State | Low | Medium | High | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | 4 | 2 | 3 | 9 |
| California | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Oregon | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Indiana | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Colorado | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Iowa | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Oklahoma | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 10 | 5 | 5 | 20 |
The total power capacity of the nine wind projects located in Texas was 4,952 megawatts (MW), and the total power capacity of the twenty wind projects was 11,037 MW in 2013. The amount of energy produced in one hour at a rate of one megawatt is one megawatt-hour.
If each of the nine Texas wind projects in 2013 had operated continuously for 24 hours at the maximum rate of power generation, approximately how many megawatt-hours of energy would the nine projects have produced?
For problems about energy or total amount produced over time, first identify the rate (here, total power in MW for the relevant group) and the time period, then multiply rate × time to get the total (here, in MWh). Be careful to use only the subset mentioned in the question (Texas projects, not all projects) and to convert units correctly; finally, if the question asks for an approximation, round your exact result to the nearest reasonable number that matches an answer choice.
Hints
Focus on power vs. energy
You are given a power capacity in megawatts (MW) and a time in hours. How do you combine a rate and a time to get total amount produced?
Use the definition of a megawatt-hour
The problem states that one megawatt operating for one hour produces one megawatt-hour. If the Texas projects together produce 4,952 MW continuously, how many megawatt-hours is that in 24 hours?
Ignore extra table details
The total capacity for all 20 projects (11,037 MW) and the breakdown by state are not needed for this question. Focus only on Texas’s total capacity (4,952 MW) and the 24-hour time period.
Desmos Guide
Compute total energy in Desmos
In the Desmos expression line, type 4952*24. The output is the total number of megawatt-hours produced by the Texas projects in 24 hours at full capacity.
Approximate to match a choice
Look at the product that Desmos gives you and round it to a nearby simple number (to the nearest ten thousand). Then choose the answer option that is closest to this rounded value.
Step-by-step Explanation
Identify the relevant quantities and units
The question is only about the nine Texas wind projects.
- Their total power capacity (maximum rate) is megawatts (MW).
- They operate for hours.
- We want the total energy produced, in megawatt-hours (MWh).
Since MW running for hour produces MWh, total energy = (power in MW) × (time in hours).
Set up the energy calculation
Use the relationship
For the Texas projects:
Multiply to find the exact total energy
Compute .
One way:
- The difference between and is .
- So subtract from .
Then
So the nine Texas projects would produce megawatt-hours of energy if they ran at full capacity for 24 hours.
Approximate and match to an answer choice
The answer choices are rough numbers, so we round to a nearby simple number.
- is very close to and much closer to than to .
So the best approximation is 120,000 megawatt-hours, which corresponds to choice D.