Question 26·Medium·Right Triangles and Trigonometry
A right triangle has legs that measure 32 centimeters and 18 centimeters. What is the length of the triangle's hypotenuse, in centimeters?
For right-triangle questions asking for the hypotenuse, immediately write the Pythagorean theorem with the legs as and . Compute each square carefully, add them to get , and remember that you must take the square root to find . Finally, check whether the square root can be simplified by factoring out perfect squares (like 4, 9, 16, 25, etc.), and make sure your final hypotenuse is longer than either leg to catch obvious errors.
Hints
Focus on the relationship of the sides
This is a right triangle. What formula relates the lengths of the two legs and the hypotenuse in a right triangle?
Set up the equation with the correct sides
Use 32 and 18 as the legs in , and let be the hypotenuse. Write out .
Be careful with the final step
After you find , remember that is not . You must take the square root and then look for a perfect-square factor to simplify the radical.
Desmos Guide
Compute the hypotenuse length
In Desmos, type the expression sqrt(32^2 + 18^2) on a new line. Note the decimal value that Desmos gives; this is the hypotenuse length.
Compare with the answer choices
On separate lines in Desmos, type 14*sqrt(5), 2*sqrt(337), 50, and 1348. Compare each value to the result of sqrt(32^2 + 18^2) and choose the option whose value matches it exactly.
Step-by-step Explanation
Identify the correct formula
Because the triangle is a right triangle and you are looking for the hypotenuse, use the Pythagorean theorem:
Here, and are the legs (32 and 18), and is the hypotenuse.
Substitute the leg lengths and square them
Plug in the given leg lengths:
Now compute each square:
So:
Add to find
Add the squared values:
So you have:
To get , you now need to take the square root of 1348 and simplify the radical.
Take the square root and simplify the radical
Take the square root of both sides:
Simplify the radical by factoring out perfect squares:
- Notice that has a factor of (a perfect square): .
- Therefore,
Thus, the length of the hypotenuse is .