Question 23·Medium·Lines, Angles, and Triangles
In trapezoid , is parallel to . Diagonals and intersect at point . If , , and , what is the length of ?
When a trapezoid has parallel bases and intersecting diagonals, look for pairs of triangles that share the intersection point and have angles formed by a transversal across parallel lines. Prove the triangles are similar using a vertical-angle pair and an angle pair created by the parallel lines, then write a proportion matching corresponding sides (base to base and diagonal segment to diagonal segment) and solve.
Hints
Look for triangles created by the diagonals
The diagonals intersect at , forming several triangles. Focus on one triangle that uses and one that uses .
Use the parallel lines to match angles
Because , angles formed with the diagonal can be matched as equal angles.
Set up a ratio on diagonal
Once you identify similar triangles, relate the segments on diagonal (the pieces and ) to the parallel bases and .
Desmos Guide
Enter two expressions that should be equal
Use the proportion . In Desmos, graph:
Find the intersection
Click the intersection point of the two graphs. The -coordinate is the value that makes the proportion true.
Interpret the result
The -coordinate from the intersection represents the length of .
Step-by-step Explanation
Show two triangles are similar
Consider and .
- and are vertical angles, so they are equal.
- equals because and is a transversal.
Therefore, .
Write a proportion with corresponding sides
From the similarity, corresponding sides are proportional:
Substitute the given values:
Solve for
Cross-multiply:
So
Therefore, the length of is 16.2.