Question 47·Medium·Systems of Two Linear Equations in Two Variables
In the system of linear equations below, is a constant.
For which value of will the system have no solution?
When a system of two linear equations is given with a parameter (like k) and the question asks for when there is no solution, immediately think of parallel distinct lines: same slope, different y-intercepts. Convert both equations to slope-intercept form , express the slope of the parameterized line in terms of the parameter, and set it equal to the fixed line’s slope. After solving for the parameter, quickly confirm the y-intercepts are different so you know the lines never meet, ensuring no solution rather than infinitely many solutions.
Hints
Connect “no solution” to the graph of the system
Think about what the graphs of two linear equations look like when there is no solution. How do the lines relate to each other on the coordinate plane?
Expose slopes and intercepts
Rewrite each equation in the form so you can clearly see the slope () and y-intercept () for each line.
Use the condition for parallel lines
Set the slopes of the two lines equal to each other to find . Then check whether the y-intercepts are the same or different to decide if there is no solution or infinitely many solutions.
Desmos Guide
Graph the first equation
In Desmos, type 4x - 2y = 6 and press Enter. This graphs the first line.
Test each answer choice for k
For each answer choice, enter the corresponding second equation in Desmos:
- For A) type
0x - 3y = 12 - For B) type
3x - 3y = 12 - For C) type
6x - 3y = 12 - For D) type
9x - 3y = 12Turn them on one at a time so you can compare with the first line.
Look for the case with no intersection
For each tested equation, see whether Desmos shows an intersection point between that line and 4x - 2y = 6. The correct value of is the one for which the two lines are parallel (no intersection point appears), meaning the system has no solution.
Step-by-step Explanation
Understand what “no solution” means for two linear equations
For a system of two linear equations, there is no solution when the lines are parallel and distinct.
- Parallel lines have the same slope.
- Distinct lines have different y-intercepts, so they never cross.
So we need to find the value of that makes the two equations represent parallel lines with different intercepts.
Rewrite both equations in slope-intercept form
Rewrite the first equation in the form :
- Subtract from both sides:
- Divide by :
So the first line has slope and y-intercept .
Now rewrite the second equation :
- Subtract from both sides:
- Divide by :
So the second line has slope and y-intercept (which does not depend on ).
Match slopes to get parallel lines and conclude the value of k
For the lines to be parallel, their slopes must be equal:
Solve for by multiplying both sides by 3:
With , the first line is and the second is . They have the same slope (2) but different y-intercepts ( and ), so they are parallel and never intersect. Therefore, the system has no solution when .