Question 39·Hard·Systems of Two Linear Equations in Two Variables
In the system of equations below, is a constant.
For what value of does the system of equations have no solution?
For systems of linear equations with a parameter (like ) and a question about "no solution" or "infinitely many solutions," think in terms of the graphs: two lines have no solution when they are parallel but different, and infinitely many solutions when they are the same line. Convert both equations to , express each slope in terms of the parameter, then set the slopes equal to find the parameter value that makes them parallel. Finally, quickly compare y-intercepts to ensure the lines are distinct (for no solution) or identical (for infinitely many solutions).
Hints
Think about the graphs of the equations
If a system of two linear equations has no solution, what must be true about the relationship between the two lines when you graph them?
Rewrite in slope-intercept form
Try rewriting each equation in the form so you can compare their slopes and y-intercepts. Focus on isolating in each equation.
Use the condition for parallel lines
Once you have both slopes in terms of , set the slopes equal to find the value of that makes the lines parallel. Then check that the y-intercepts are not equal so the lines are not the same line.
Desmos Guide
Graph the first equation
In Desmos, type the first equation exactly as given: 0.5x - (3/4)y = 2. This will draw the first line.
Graph the second equation with a slider for k
Type the second equation as k x - (9/2)y = 10. Desmos will prompt you to add a slider for k; accept it so you can change the value of dynamically.
Adjust k to find when the system has no solution
Move the slider and watch how the second line moves. You are looking for the value of where the two lines are parallel (never intersect) but have different y-intercepts. When you see that the lines never cross and are distinct, read that value of from the slider.
Step-by-step Explanation
Understand what "no solution" means for a linear system
For a system of two linear equations in and , there is no solution when the two lines are parallel but not the same line. In algebra terms, that means the lines have the same slope but different y-intercepts.
Find the slope of the first equation
Start with the first equation:
Solve for :
- Move the constant:
- Multiply both sides by to clear fractions:
- Solve for :
So the slope of the first line is .
Express the second equation in slope-intercept form
Now take the second equation:
Solve for :
- Move the constant:
- Multiply both sides by to clear the fraction:
- Solve for :
So the slope of the second line is , and its y-intercept is .
Set slopes equal, then check that lines are distinct
For the lines to be parallel (same slope), set the slopes equal:
Cross-multiply:
With this , the first line has y-intercept and the second line has y-intercept , and
So the lines are parallel and different, which means the system has no solution when .