Question 39·Hard·Linear Inequalities in One or Two Variables
A print shop charges a $40 setup fee per order and $1.25 per poster for the first 100 posters in the order. Each additional poster beyond the first 100 costs $1.00.
A monthly membership plan eliminates the setup fee and reduces the printing cost to $0.85 per poster but charges a monthly membership fee of $210.
If a customer places one order of posters in a month, what is the least number of posters that must be ordered for the membership plan to cost less than placing the order without the plan?
(Express the answer as an integer)
For pricing and inequality word problems, always start by defining a variable for the quantity asked (here, number of posters) and writing algebraic expressions for each plan. Watch for piecewise situations like “first 100” vs. “each additional” and write a simpler expression for the relevant case (often the large-quantity case). Then set up the inequality so the cheaper option is on the left (e.g., membership cost < regular cost), solve carefully, and interpret the result: check the domain (like ), require whole numbers when appropriate, and pay attention to strict vs. non-strict inequalities to decide whether to round up or down.
Hints
Introduce a variable and express each plan algebraically
Let be the number of posters. Can you write an expression for the total cost with the membership plan in terms of ? How about without the membership plan?
Handle the two price levels for the regular plan
For the plan without membership, split the cost into the first 100 posters and any posters after 100. What does the cost look like when ?
Set up the right inequality
You want the membership plan to be cheaper. Using the expression for the regular plan when , write an inequality of the form (membership cost) < (regular cost) and solve it for .
Remember whole numbers and strict inequality
After solving the inequality, the solution will not be a whole number. Think about which integer values of satisfy the inequality and choose the smallest such integer.
Desmos Guide
Enter the cost functions
In Desmos, type y1 = 210 + 0.85x for the membership plan. For the regular plan when more than 100 posters are ordered, type y2 = x + 65.
Find the intersection point
Use Desmos to find where the two lines intersect by clicking on their intersection; note the -value of this point. This -value is where the two plans cost the same, and membership becomes cheaper for -values greater than this.
Choose the least whole number that works
Since the number of posters must be an integer and the membership must cost less, take the smallest whole-number -value that is greater than the intersection -value shown in Desmos.
Step-by-step Explanation
Define the variable and write both cost formulas
Let be the number of posters ordered.
- Membership plan: no setup fee, plus a membership fee, plus per poster:
- Cost with membership: .
- Without membership, the print shop charges:
- setup fee,
- each for the first posters,
- for each poster after the first .
Write the regular (no-membership) cost as a piecewise expression
For the plan without membership:
- If :
- All posters are in the “first 100,” so cost is .
- If :
- First 100 posters cost each: .
- Remaining posters cost each: .
- Total cost:
So for , no-membership cost is .
Decide which case can actually make membership cheaper
First, check whether membership can be cheaper when by comparing
- Membership:
- No membership: .
Set up the inequality for :
Solve it:
But this contradicts . So membership can only be cheaper when , where the no-membership cost is .
Set up and solve the inequality for the correct case ()
Now compare costs for :
- Membership:
- No membership:
We want membership to cost less:
Solve step by step:
Compute :
So must be greater than about .
Interpret the inequality in terms of whole posters
The number of posters must be a whole number, and membership must be strictly cheaper, so we need the smallest integer greater than .
That integer is .
So, the customer must order 967 posters for the membership plan to cost less than ordering without the plan.