Question 134·Medium·Linear Inequalities in One or Two Variables
A cyclist rides for 1.5 hours at a speed that is at least 6 miles per hour but less than 8 miles per hour.
Which inequality represents all possible distances , in miles, that the cyclist could have traveled?
For linear inequality word problems, start by identifying the variables and writing the basic equation (like ). Next, translate the verbal conditions into an inequality for the original quantity (such as speed), paying close attention to words like "at least" (≥) and "less than" (<). Finally, apply the same operation (such as multiplying by time) to every part of the inequality, keep or flip the inequality signs correctly (they only flip when multiplying or dividing by a negative), and then match both the numerical bounds and the inequality symbols to the answer choices.
Hints
Identify the relationship between distance, speed, and time
What formula connects distance, speed (rate), and time? Plug in the given time of 1.5 hours into that formula.
Turn the speed description into an inequality
"At least 6" and "less than 8" describe the speed. How do you write these two phrases as inequality symbols for the speed variable?
Multiply the whole inequality by the time
Once you have an inequality for speed, multiply each part by 1.5 to change it into an inequality for distance. Be careful about whether the inequality symbols flip when you multiply.
Check the endpoints carefully
Ask yourself: should the smaller endpoint distance be included or excluded? What about the larger endpoint? Match that pattern (≤ vs <) to the answer choices.
Desmos Guide
Compute the minimum and maximum possible distances
In Desmos, type 1.5*6 on one line and 1.5*8 on another line. These outputs give the minimum and maximum distances corresponding to the speeds 6 mph and 8 mph (before you think about whether each endpoint is included).
Decide on inclusivity of endpoints
Use the problem wording: "at least 6" and "less than 8" to decide whether each of the two distances you found should be included () or excluded () in the inequality for , then pick the choice that matches that pattern and those numbers.
Step-by-step Explanation
Translate the situation into a formula
Use the basic distance formula:
- distance (miles)
- speed (miles per hour)
- time (hours)
They are related by
Here, hours.
Write the inequality for the speed
The problem says the cyclist rides at a speed that is at least 6 miles per hour but less than 8 miles per hour.
- "At least 6" means .
- "Less than 8" means .
Together, this is a compound inequality:
Convert the speed inequality into a distance inequality
Use and multiply every part of the inequality by .
Since is positive, the inequality directions stay the same:
Because , this becomes an inequality in terms of .
Compute the new bounds and match to the choices
Calculate the new bounds:
So the distances must satisfy
This matches answer choice D.