Question 60·Hard·Linear Functions
The values of two linear functions and are shown below.
| x | 3 | 11 |
|---|---|---|
| x | 2 | 8 |
|---|---|---|
For what value of does ?
When two linear functions are given by tables, quickly turn each table into an equation: use the slope formula on the two points to find , then plug one point into to find . Once you have both equations, set them equal, combine like terms carefully (clearing fractions by multiplying both sides if helpful), and solve the resulting one-step or two-step linear equation for . Checking one answer choice by plugging it into both functions is a good final verification if time allows.
Hints
Use the fact that each function is linear
Two points completely determine a line. Use the two points for to find its slope, and the two points for to find its slope.
Turn the tables into equations
After finding each slope, write equations for and in the form by plugging in one of the given points to solve for .
Make the functions equal
Set your expressions for and equal to each other and solve the resulting linear equation for .
Be careful with fractions
When solving , combine the x-terms correctly (convert to a fraction with denominator 2) and then isolate .
Desmos Guide
Confirm the equations of f and g
In Desmos, type (17 - (-7))/(11 - 3) on one line and (5 - 20)/(8 - 2) on another to verify the slopes and . Then, using these slopes and one point from each table, write and enter y = 3x - 16 and y = (-5/2)x + 25 as two separate functions.
Graph and find the intersection
With both lines graphed, tap or click on the point where the two lines cross. Desmos will display the coordinates of this intersection; the x-coordinate of that point is the value of where .
Optional: Use a zero of the difference
Alternatively, enter a new function h(x) = (3x - 16) - ((-5/2)x + 25). Then find the x-intercept of this graph (where it crosses the x-axis); that x-value is the solution of and thus the x where .
Step-by-step Explanation
Find the slope of each linear function
Use the slope formula .
For (points and ):
For (points and ):
So has slope and has slope .
Write equations for f(x) and g(x)
Use the slope-intercept form .
For :
- Assume .
- Plug in point : , so , giving .
- Thus .
For :
- Assume .
- Plug in point : , so .
- Thus .
Set the two expressions equal and simplify
We want the x-value where , so set the equations equal:
Move all x-terms to one side and constants to the other:
- Add to both sides.
Now .
Rewrite with denominator 2: , so
which gives .
Solve for x
We have
Multiply both sides by :
So the value of where is , which corresponds to choice B.