Question 4·Easy·Linear Functions
A taxi company charges a flat fee of $3.50 plus $2.00 for each mile traveled. Which function models the total cost, in dollars, , for traveling miles?
For taxi or rental problems that involve a starting fee plus a charge per unit (mile, minute, etc.), immediately rewrite the situation as a linear function in the form . Identify the flat fee by asking, “What do I pay at 0 units?” (this is the constant term) and the rate by asking, “How much more do I pay for each extra unit?” (this is the coefficient of the variable). If unsure, quickly test the options by plugging in to check the starting fee and then to see if the increase matches the per-unit cost.
Hints
Think about the cost at 0 miles
If the taxi travels miles, what should the total cost be according to the problem? Look for the function where equals that flat fee.
Identify the rate per mile
For each function, look at the coefficient (number in front) of . That number should match the cost for each mile.
Use the form rate × miles + flat fee
Try to write a general expression like , then see which option has the same structure with the correct numbers.
Desmos Guide
Enter the answer-choice functions
In Desmos, use to represent miles . Enter each option as a separate function, for example: , , , and .
Check the starting cost (flat fee)
For each function, open a table and look at the value when . The correct model will have a -value of $3.50 at , since that is the flat fee when no miles are traveled.
Check the cost increase per mile
In each table, look at how changes when increases from to to , and so on. The correct graph will increase by exactly dollars for every additional mile, matching the problem description.
Step-by-step Explanation
Identify the two parts of the cost
The problem describes two separate parts of the taxi cost:
- A flat fee of $3.50: this is what you pay even if you travel miles.
- $2.00 for each mile traveled: this is the amount added for every mile, so it is the rate per mile.
Match the situation to a linear function form
A linear cost function with a starting fee and a rate per mile has the form
From the problem:
- The rate per mile is $2, so the term with should be .
- The flat fee is $3.50, so you should add 3.50 at the end.
Write the function and choose the matching option
Using the pieces from Step 2:
- Rate part:
- Flat-fee part:
So the total cost function is
Among the answer choices, this corresponds to choice C.