Question 117·Hard·Linear Functions
Line passes through and has slope . Line is perpendicular to and passes through . Lines and intersect at point . What is the -coordinate of ?
For line-intersection problems, quickly write each line’s equation in slope-intercept form. Use point-slope form with the given point and slope, and remember that a perpendicular line’s slope is the negative reciprocal (multiply the two slopes to check they give ). Then set the two -expressions equal, solve cleanly for , and substitute back into either equation to find , watching your fraction arithmetic and signs to avoid small errors.
Hints
Use the given point and slope for line
First, write the equation of line using the point and slope . Point-slope form is helpful here.
Relate the slopes of perpendicular lines
For line , think about how its slope must relate to the slope of line if the lines are perpendicular. What is the negative reciprocal of ?
Write the equation of line
Once you know the slope of line , plug it and the point into point-slope form to get an equation for . Then simplify to form.
Find the intersection of the two lines
Set the two equations equal to each other to find the -coordinate where they intersect. Then plug that -value into either equation to find the -coordinate of point .
Desmos Guide
Enter the equation of line
Type the simplified equation for line , , into one of the expression lines in Desmos to graph it.
Enter the equation of line
Use the perpendicular slope and point to get the equation , then type this into another expression line in Desmos to graph line .
Locate the intersection point
Click on the point where the two lines cross; Desmos will show the coordinates of this intersection. Use the -coordinate of that point as your answer.
Step-by-step Explanation
Write the equation of line
Line passes through and has slope .
Use point-slope form with point :
Simplify to slope-intercept form:
So the equation of line is .
Find the slope and equation of perpendicular line
If two lines are perpendicular, their slopes are negative reciprocals: they multiply to .
Since line has slope , line must have slope .
Line passes through , so use point-slope form:
Now simplify to slope-intercept form:
So the equation of line is .
Set the equations equal to find the -coordinate of
At the intersection point , both lines have the same and values, so set the right sides of the equations equal:
Add to both sides and add to both sides:
Solve for by multiplying both sides by :
So the intersection point has -coordinate .
Find the -coordinate of
Substitute into either line's equation. Using line , :
So the -coordinate of is , which corresponds to choice C.