Question 36·Hard·Linear Equations in Two Variables
Consider the system of linear equations
For which value of does the system have no solution?
For systems of two linear equations, immediately translate “no solution” into “parallel lines with different y-intercepts.” Put each equation into slope-intercept form so you can compare slopes quickly; set the slopes equal to find any parameter that makes the lines parallel, then check that the y-intercepts are different to confirm there is no solution (rather than infinitely many). On multiple-choice questions with a parameter like , this approach is usually faster and more reliable than fully solving the system for and for each option.
Hints
Interpret “no solution” graphically
Think about what the graphs of two linear equations look like when they do not share any point at all. How are the lines positioned relative to each other?
Compare slopes of the two equations
Rewrite each equation in the form so you can clearly see the slope of each line. What condition must their slopes satisfy for the lines to be parallel?
Remember the difference between no solution and infinitely many
Parallel lines have the same slope, but for no solution they must not be the same line. After matching the slopes, what else must be different between the two equations?
Desmos Guide
Test each answer choice by graphing the lines
For any chosen value of from the options, substitute that number into both equations and type them into Desmos. For example, for a candidate value , enter: (2*k0 - 3)x + 4y = 5 and 3x + 6y = k0, replacing k0 with the specific number.
Check whether the lines intersect
Look at the graphs of the two lines for that value of . If the lines cross at exactly one point, that gives a unique solution and is not correct. If the lines lie on top of each other (infinitely many solutions), that is also not correct. You are looking for the value of where the two lines are parallel and never meet, meaning there is no solution. Test each answer choice until you find the one with no intersection point.
Step-by-step Explanation
Understand what “no solution” means for a system
For two linear equations in and , having no solution means their graphs are two parallel lines that never intersect.
- Parallel lines have the same slope.
- To have no solution (not infinitely many), they must also have different y-intercepts.
Rewrite both equations to see the slopes
Start with the system:
First equation:
So the slope of the first line is
Second equation:
- Divide everything by :
So the slope of the second line is
Set the slopes equal to make the lines parallel
For the lines to be parallel, set their slopes equal:
Multiply both sides by to clear the denominator:
Now solve this linear equation for :
Keep this result and solve for in the next step, then check the intercepts.
Solve for k and confirm there is no solution
From the previous step:
Now check the y-intercepts when :
- First line’s intercept: (from , which does not depend on ).
- Second line’s intercept: .
Since , the lines are parallel with different y-intercepts, so the system has no solution when