Question 102·Hard·Linear Equations in Two Variables
In the -plane, the system of linear equations
has a solution that lies on the line . What is the value of ?
(Express the answer as an integer)
When a system with a parameter (like ) has a solution that must lie on a specific line, first use that line equation to relate and (here ). Combine that with the simpler fixed-coefficient equation to find the exact coordinates of the solution. Then plug that point into the equation containing the parameter and solve directly for the parameter. This avoids messy simultaneous equations with a variable coefficient and is both faster and less error-prone on the SAT.
Hints
Interpret the phrase "lies on the line "
If a point lies on the line , what must be true about its - and -coordinates?
Use the simpler equation first
Combine the fact that with the equation . Substitute with and solve for .
Then use the other equation to find
Once you know the coordinates of the solution point, plug that and into the equation and solve for .
Desmos Guide
Find the solution point that lies on
In Desmos, enter the equations y = x and y = 3x - 1. Look at their point of intersection; note the - and -coordinates of this point.
Use that point to relate it to
Suppose the intersection from step 1 is . In Desmos, type the expression k * x_0 + 2 * y_0 and create a slider for k. Adjust the slider until the value of this expression is 6; the corresponding value of k is the solution.
Step-by-step Explanation
Use the condition that the point lies on
If the solution lies on the line , then its - and -coordinates are equal.
So we know that
- or, written with and , for the solution point.
Find the actual coordinates of the solution using the second equation
Use the line together with the second equation .
Substitute into :
So
Thus
Since , we also have
So the solution point is
Plug the point into the first equation to solve for
Now use the first equation and substitute and :
Simplify to :
Subtract from both sides:
Multiply both sides by :
So the value of is 10.