Question 78·Hard·Linear Equations in One Variable
In the equation below, is a constant.
For which value of does the equation have no solution?
When an equation includes a parameter like and asks for when there are no solutions, first treat as a constant and solve the equation for symbolically. This usually gives as a fraction whose denominator involves . Identify values of that make that denominator , since you cannot divide by ; those are your special cases. Then plug each special value back into the original equation: if all cancel and you get a false statement (like ), there is no solution for that parameter value; if you get a true statement (like ), there are infinitely many solutions. This approach avoids guesswork and is efficient under timed conditions.
Hints
Get all x-terms together
Try subtracting from both sides of the equation so that all the terms end up on one side.
Solve for x in terms of n
After you collect the terms, isolate by moving the constant terms (the ones without ) to the other side and then dividing by the coefficient of , which involves .
Think about when division is impossible
Your expression for will involve division by . For what value of does become , and what does that mean for the equation?
Check the special value in the original equation
Once you find the value of that makes , substitute it back into the original equation and see whether you get a true statement (like ), a false statement (like ), or something that still has .
Desmos Guide
Write the equation as one expression
For each answer choice, rewrite the equation as a single expression equal to : . In Desmos, replace with the specific value from a choice (for example, use , , , or ) and enter that as .
Graph each version and look for intersections with y=0
For each value of you test, you will see a line for . Check whether this line ever crosses the -axis (where ). If it crosses once, the equation has one solution for that . If the line is horizontal and never touches the -axis (always above or always below), then there is no value of that makes the original equation true for that —that is the correct choice.
Step-by-step Explanation
Collect the x-terms on one side
Start with the equation:
Subtract from both sides to get all terms together:
This simplifies to:
Solve for x in terms of n
From
subtract from both sides:
Now, as long as , you can divide both sides by to solve for :
This shows that for most values of , the equation has exactly one solution for . The only time we cannot do this is when .
Determine when the solving step breaks down
The fraction is not defined when the denominator is because division by is impossible.
So we must find the value of that makes
This value of is a special case that we have to check separately by substituting it back into the original equation to see what happens.
Check the special value of n in the original equation
Solve the small equation from the previous step:
Now substitute into the original equation:
becomes
which simplifies to
This is impossible, so there is no value of that makes the equation true when . Therefore, the equation has no solution when .