Question 111·Hard·Linear Equations in One Variable
The equation is shown above, where is a real number. For which value of does the equation have no solution for ?
For “no solution” questions with a parameter, rewrite the equation in the form where and depend on the parameter. Recall the rule: a linear equation has no solution when the coefficient of becomes zero but the constant term is nonzero. Quickly identify the expression that is the -coefficient, set it equal to zero to find the candidate parameter value, and then check that the constant term is not zero at that value before matching it to the answer choice.
Hints
Start by expanding
First expand on the left side so that both sides of the equation are written as sums of an -term and a constant term.
Rewrite as one linear equation in x
After expanding, move all the terms to one side so the equation looks like .
Think about when a linear equation has no solution
For an equation like , what happens if ? Under what condition on would that make the equation impossible to satisfy for any ?
Apply that condition to this problem
Identify the expression that plays the role of (the coefficient of ) and set it equal to zero, then ensure the constant part is not zero for that value of .
Desmos Guide
Enter both sides as functions of x with a parameter m
In Desmos, type L(x) = (3m - 9)(x + 2) and R(x) = 6x + 12 - 4m. Desmos will automatically create a slider for m so you can change its value.
Use the slider to see how solutions depend on m
Move the m slider and watch where the graphs of and intersect. Each intersection point corresponds to a solution of the equation for that value of .
Find the value of m that makes the graphs parallel but distinct
Adjust the slider until the two lines have the same slope (they look parallel) but never cross. At that slider value, the equation has no intersection point, meaning there is no solution for . Read that value of from the slider and match it to the correct answer choice.
Step-by-step Explanation
Expand and simplify both sides
Start with the equation
Expand the left-hand side:
So the equation becomes
Collect all terms on one side
Subtract the entire right-hand side from both sides:
Group like terms:
- -terms: .
- Constant terms: .
So the equation can be rewritten as
Use the condition for a linear equation to have no solution
A linear equation of the form has:
- one solution if ,
- no solution if but .
Here, and . For there to be no solution for , the -term must disappear, so we need
and we must also have so that a nonzero constant remains.
Solve for m and verify the no-solution condition
Solve :
Check the constant term at this value:
So when , the equation becomes , which is impossible (it says ), meaning no value of works. Thus, the equation has no solution when , which corresponds to choice C.