Question 105·Hard·Linear Equations in One Variable
The equation , where is a constant, is to be solved for . For which value of will the equation have infinitely many real solutions?
For questions asking when an equation has infinitely many solutions, first simplify both sides as much as possible, then bring all terms to one side and factor. Look for a structure like : if , you get a single solution; if , you get an identity true for all . Set that coefficient equal to , solve the resulting simple equation (often linear) for the parameter (here, ), and choose that value as your answer.
Hints
Simplify first
Before thinking about "infinitely many solutions," simplify on the right-hand side. Can you factor anything inside the parentheses?
Look for common factors
Once you rewrite the right-hand side, notice that both sides of the equation have a factor involving . Try moving everything to one side and factoring out .
Think about when an equation is always true
If you end up with an equation like , when does this hold for every real value of , not just one specific value? What must be true about ?
Turn the condition into an equation in k
Set the coefficient that multiplies equal to and solve that simple equation for .
Desmos Guide
Enter the left-hand side with a slider for k
In Desmos, type y = 6(k - 2)(x + 3). When prompted, add a slider for k so you can change its value.
Enter the right-hand side
On a new line, type y = 3(4x + 12). Desmos will graph this as a straight line.
Adjust k to look for overlapping graphs
Move the k slider and watch the graph of y = 6(k - 2)(x + 3). Find the value of k for which this graph lies exactly on top of the graph of y = 3(4x + 12) for all visible -values. The k value at that moment is the one that makes the original equation have infinitely many solutions (the two sides are the same for every ).
Step-by-step Explanation
Simplify the right-hand side
Start by simplifying the expression on the right:
- Factor as .
- Then
So the original equation becomes
Bring all terms to one side and factor
Subtract from both sides so that one side is :
Now factor out the common factor :
Use the condition for infinitely many solutions
The equation
will be true for all real (infinitely many solutions) only if the coefficient in brackets is .
- If , then , which is just one solution.
- To have every work, the factor multiplying must be , so the equation becomes , which is always true.
So we need to solve:
Solve for k
Now solve the equation
Simplify step by step:
So the value of that makes the equation have infinitely many real solutions is .