Question 100·Easy·Nonlinear Functions
The function is defined by
Which of the following describes the domain of ?
For domain questions involving square roots, immediately set the radicand (the expression inside the square root) greater than or equal to 0 and solve that inequality. This is usually faster and less error-prone than testing answer choices; once you have the inequality for , carefully check whether the domain should include the endpoint (use or ) and then match it exactly to the listed options.
Hints
Think about what can go inside a square root
For the function , focus on the expression under the square root sign. What must be true about that expression so that is a real number?
Write an inequality for the radicand
Let the expression inside the square root be . Set up an inequality that expresses that must be at least 0.
Solve your inequality and connect to the answer choices
After you solve the inequality for , compare your result to each answer choice and see which one matches exactly.
Desmos Guide
Enter the function
Type y = sqrt(x + 9) into Desmos to graph the function.
Observe where the graph exists
Look along the x-axis and notice the x-value where the graph first appears, and see how the graph behaves as x increases.
Relate the graph to the domain
Use the smallest x-value for which the graph exists and note that the graph continues to the right without stopping. Translate this observation into an inequality for , and then match it to one of the answer choices.
Step-by-step Explanation
Recall what "domain" means
The domain of a function is the set of all input values for which the function is defined (i.e., gives a real-number output). For this problem, we want all values that make a real number.
Use the rule for square roots of real numbers
For a square root like (with no ), the expression inside the root, called the radicand, must be greater than or equal to 0:
Here, the radicand is , so we require:
Solve the inequality for x
Solve :
This inequality tells us exactly which -values keep the expression inside the square root nonnegative.
Match the inequality to the answer choice
The domain is all real numbers that satisfy . Among the choices, this corresponds to C) All real numbers such that .