Question 33·200 Super-Hard SAT Math Questions·Algebra
A snack shop buys almonds in 12-ounce bags and cashews in 1.5-pound bags. Each bag of almonds costs $5.40, and each bag of cashews costs $12. The shop buys a total of 18 pounds of nuts and spends $138.
Which choice is the number of bags of almonds the shop buys? (1 pound = 16 ounces)
Translate the words into a system: one linear equation for total weight and one for total cost, with variables representing the two unknown counts. Convert all units first (ounces to pounds), then simplify to avoid decimals (multiplying by a common factor is fastest). Finally, use substitution from the simpler equation (often the weight equation) to solve efficiently and make sure you report the requested variable.
Hints
Start with variables
Let be the number of almond bags and be the number of cashew bags. You will be able to write one equation for total weight and one for total cost.
Convert the almond bag weight to pounds
Use pound ounces to rewrite 12 ounces as a decimal number of pounds.
Clear decimals in the weight equation
After you write the weight equation, multiply by a convenient number so you can work with whole numbers, then use substitution (or elimination) to solve the system.
Desmos Guide
Enter the two equations
In Desmos, enter the system using and :
0.75x + 1.5y = 185.4x + 12y = 138
Find the intersection point
Click the intersection of the two lines. The intersection represents the values of that satisfy both total weight and total cost.
Interpret the coordinates
Use the -coordinate of the intersection as the number of almond bags, then choose the answer option that matches that -value.
Step-by-step Explanation
Define variables and convert units
Let be the number of 12-ounce almond bags and let be the number of 1.5-pound cashew bags.
Convert 12 ounces to pounds:
So each almond bag weighs lb, and each cashew bag weighs lb.
Write equations for total weight and total cost
Total weight is 18 lb:
Total cost is $138:
Simplify the weight equation and substitute
Multiply the weight equation by 4 to clear decimals:
Divide by 3:
Solve for :
Substitute into the cost equation:
Solve and identify the number of almond bags
Distribute and combine like terms:
Now find :
So the shop buys 10 bags of almonds.